The Air Force Research Laboratory’s Information and Spectrum Dominance Directorate seeks pre-emptive or reactive electro-optical countermeasure solutions—including expendable, directed-energy, and novel developmental approaches—to protect U.S. aircraft and aircrew in contested environments. The work is divided into Hardware & Executable Analysis of Threats (HEAT) and Advanced Countermeasure Engineering (ACE), and calls for experimentation, evaluation, and assessment. Contractors must meet operational-security and information-security requirements, including OPSEC training and, when requested, a NIST SP 800-171-compliant security plan for controlled unclassified information.